Technology Strategy Assessment
This technology strategy assessment on lead acid batteries, released as part of the Long-Duration Storage Shot, contains the findings from the Storage Innovations (SI) 2030 strategic initiative.
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This technology strategy assessment on lead acid batteries, released as part of the Long-Duration Storage Shot, contains the findings from the Storage Innovations (SI) 2030 strategic initiative.
Lead–acid batteries have been used for energy storage in utility applications for many years but it has only been in recent years that the demand for battery energy storage has increased.
The lead-acid (PbA) battery was invented by Gaston Planté more than 160 years ago and it was the first ever rechargeable battery. In the charged state, the positive electrode is lead dioxide (PbO2) and the negative electrode is metallic lead (Pb); upon discharge in the sulfuric acid electrolyte, both electrodes convert to lead sulfate (PbSO4).
Lead-acid battery recycling Lead is the most efficiently recycled commodity metal and in the EU and USA, more than 99% of lead-based batteries are collected and recycled in a closed loop system. This is a recycling rate higher than any other mass consumer product and in Western countries 95–99% of end-of-life batteries are recycled .
This technology strategy assessment on lead acid batteries, released as part of the Long-Duration Storage Shot, contains the findings from the Storage Innovations (SI) 2030 strategic initiative.
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PDF version includes complete article with source references. Suitable for printing and offline reading.